With growing
development, there arises subsequent need of energy for every part of human
life .The main source of energy is nature, which provides several sources like
the fossil fuels. The natural resources can be classified into non renewable
and renewable sources of energy.
Ò Renewable
energy--power generated from the nearly infinite elements of nature such as
sunshine, wind, the movement of water, the internal heat of the Earth.
Ò It
is thought to be an inexhaustible and environmentally benign source of power,
particularly compared with environmentally problematic alternative of reliance
on fossil fuels and nuclear power
Designing a position tracking system for solar PV.
OBJECTIVES
Ø
Maximizing output from solar PV.
Ø Increasing efficiency by using a solar tracker device
used for orienting solar PV panel towards the sun.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
Ò Auto-tracking
control system composed of PLC, sensors, signal processing units, PV cells,
electromagnetic and mechanical motion control modules and power supply systems.
Ò Panel
detects the sun light strength to sensors
Ò The
sensors output is given to the PLC which compares it and produces an equivalent
output so as to rotate the motor and align the panel in the direction of sun
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
Ò SOLAR
PANEL
Ò LDR
SENSORS
Ò STEPPER
MOTOR
Ò RELAY
Ò PLC
SOLAR PANEL
A
solar panel is a cluster of solar cells arranged in matrix.
A
solar cell is a two layered semiconductor device which is used to absorb the
radiation.
It
works on the principle of photovoltaic, which implies generation of voltage
through incident light.
STEPPER MOTOR
Ø Its
an electromechanical device which converts digital pulse inputs to incremental
shaft rotation.
Ø Used
for precision positioning control applications.
Ø Its
controlled by a series of electromagnetic coils.
RELAY
Its an
electrically operated switch used for switching of large currents.
Uses an
electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically
ADVANTAGES
Ø Simple
Ø Low
cost
Ø Eco-Friendly
Ø We
can monitor directly using PC
Ø Tracking
accuracy is more
Ø Reduce
the usage of power from power grid
DISADVANTAGE
Ò Solar
electricity is not available at night and is less available in
Ò Cloudy
weather conditions. Therefore, a storage or complimentary
Ò Power
system is required.
Ò Limited
power density.
Ò Solar
cells produce DC which must be converted to AC when used in.
CONCLUSION
Ò The
invention of Solar Tracking System helps us improve the performance of PV solar
system in a simple way
Ò Used
relative method of sunlight strength.
Ò Established
a model of automatic tracking system to keep vertical contact between solar
panels and sunlight.
Ò Improved
the utilization rate of solar energy and efficiency of photovoltaic power
generation system.